Comparison of the ‘strike‐slip’ versus the ‘episodic rift‐sag’ models for the origin of the Isa Superbasin     

P. G. Betts  G. S. Lister 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(2):265-280

In this paper we assess two competing tectonic models for the development of the Isa Superbasin (ca 1725–1590 Ma) in the Western Fold Belt of the Mt Isa terrane. In the ‘episodic rift‐sag’ tectonic model the basin architecture is envisaged as similar to that of a Basin and Range province characterised by widespread half‐graben development. According to this model, the Isa Superbasin evolved during three stages of the Mt Isa Rift Event. Stage I involved intracontinental extension, half‐graben development, the emergence of fault scarps and tilt‐blocks, and bimodal volcanism. Stage II involved episodic rifting and sag during intervening periods of tectonic quiescence. Stage III was dominated by thermal relaxation of the lithosphere with transient episodes of extension. Sedimentation was controlled by the development of arrays of half‐grabens bounded by intrabasinal transverse or transfer faults. The competing ‘strike‐slip’ model was developed for the Gun Supersequence stratigraphic interval of the Isa Superbasin (during stage II and the beginning of stage III). According to this model, sinistral movements along north‐northeast‐orientated strike‐slip faults took place, with oblique movements along northwest‐orientated faults. This resulted in the deposition of southeast‐thickening ramp sequences with local sub‐basin depocentres forming to the west and north of north‐northeast‐ and northwest‐trending faults, respectively. It is proposed that dilation zones focused magmatism (e.g. Sybella Granite) and transfer of strike‐slip movement resulted in transient uplift along the western margin of the Mt Gordon Arch. Our analysis supports the ‘episodic rift‐sag’ model. We find that the inferred architecture for the strike‐slip model correlates poorly with the observed structural elements. Interpretation is made difficult because there has been significant modification and reorientation of fault geometry during the Isan Orogeny and these effects need to be removed before any assertion as to the basin structure is made. Strike‐slip faulting does not explain the regional‐scale pattern of basin subsidence. The ‘episodic rift‐sag’ model explains the macroscopic geometry of the Isa Superbasin and is consistent with the detailed sedimentological analysis of basin facies architecture, and the structural history and geometry.  相似文献   

Study of bond stress–slip relationship and radial dilation in prestressed concrete     

José Mª Benítez  J.C. Gálvez  M.J. Casati 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(16):2706-2726

This paper presents two test procedures for evaluating the bond stress–slip and the slip–radial dilation relationships when the prestressing force is transmitted by releasing the steel (wire or strand) in precast prestressed elements. The bond stress–slip relationship is obtained with short length specimens, to guarantee uniform bond stress, for three depths of the wire indentation (shallow, medium and deep). An analytical model for bond stress–slip relationship is proposed and compared with the experimental results. The model is also compared with the experimental results of other researchers. Since numerical models for studying bond‐splitting problems in prestressed concrete require experimental data about dilatancy angle (radial dilation), a test procedure is proposed to evaluate these parameters. The obtained values of the radial dilation are compared with the prior estimated by numerical modelling and good agreement is reached. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

汶川地震震前与同震断层滑移的比较分析     

梁向洲  郝圣旺 《震灾防御技术》2017,12(1):107-114

本文利用GPS观测的1999-2007年汶川震前3期地表变形数据和2008年汶川同震地表变形数据，结合地震位错理论，通过高斯变换和坐标旋转建立断层模型，运用遗传算法，反演了龙门山断裂带断层震前3期和同震滑动参数。结果表明龙门山断层震前3期平均走滑位移为-5.39mm，倾向位移为2.66mm，与同震断层滑移相比较，发现震前断层的滑移趋势与同震断层滑移一致，均为逆冲兼右旋的挤压运动。比较震前3期逆冲方向的滑移量，发现逆冲滑移有加速的现象。并根据震前和同震的断层滑动量估算了汶川地震复发周期。  相似文献   

尼日尔Termit盆地古近系构造样式及其对油气聚集的控制作用     

郑凤云  史卜庆  李早红  袁圣强  刘邦  王玉华  姜虹  程小岛 《地学前缘》2018,25(2):72-82

尼日尔Termit盆地主要发育早白垩世和始新世-渐新世两个裂陷旋回,其起源于不同的动力学背景和运动学机制,相应表现出不同的盆地性质。其中古近纪始新世-渐新世第二裂陷旋回受区域挤压应力环境下的非洲板块内部局部应力释放控制,具有逃逸盆地的性质,在盆地内部表现为典型走滑伸展特征。该旋回在第一期NW-SE控盆断裂基础上发育了NNW-SSE断裂体系,盆地整体呈现地堑地垒和半地堑结构,北部为双断结构地堑,南部为西断东超多米诺半地堑结构。古近系断裂的斜向拉张作用形成了大量雁列式正断层,以软连接方式相连,在二级构造单元内发育了大量构造调节带,分为同向型、对向型和背向型3大类,以同向叠覆型、对向平行型和背向叠覆型为主,成为Termit盆地最主要的构造调节带样式。古近纪始新世-渐新世第二裂陷旋回及其构造样式控制了盆地沉积体系,在始新世Sokor1初始裂陷期形成了三角洲湖泊沉积体系、渐新世-早中新世Sokor2深陷期沉积了湖相泥岩,形成了盆地主力储盖组合。同时,该旋回的构造调节作用形成了大量断块和断鼻/断背斜构造,成为Termit盆地的主要圈闭类型。渐新世-早中新世的深陷期导致断层沟通白垩系成熟烃源岩,在盆地内发生广泛的垂向和侧向运移,该时期断层的活动强度决定了古近系油气分布和富集程度。Sokor1和Sokor2段中下部岩性圈闭及Sokor2段成藏组合是Termit盆地的下步勘探领域。  相似文献   

基于聚类分析的边坡稳定性研究     

秦雨樵  汤华  冯振洋  尹小涛  王东英 《岩土力学》2018,39(8):2977-2983

在边坡稳定性分析中,滑面搜索方法对于得到边坡的稳定性系数至关重要。现今两种常用的边坡稳定性分析方法,极限平衡法以及强度折减法,可以得到极限应力状态下边坡的潜在滑面。而为了评价边坡在当前应力场下的稳定性,提出一种基于聚类分析概念的滑面搜索方法。这种方法综合考虑了边坡各点的位移以及点安全系数,采用K均值聚类法将具有相近性质的点进行分类,把边坡体分为潜在危险区以及稳定区。潜在危险区的边界即为边坡在当前应力状态下的潜在滑面,并运用矢量和方法计算得到其稳定性系数。采用上述方法对3个算例进行验算,并与极限平衡法以及强度折减法进行对比。结果表明：（1）基于聚类分析的边坡稳定性评价方法具有较好的合理性和可靠性;（2）当边坡处于临界状态附近,通过聚类分析得到的潜在滑面与其他两种方法得到的滑面基本一致;当边坡处于较稳定状态时,当前应力状态下的潜在滑面要比强度折减法得到的滑动带范围要更深更广,但求出的稳定性系数也较高;当存在软弱夹层时,矢量和计算出的滑面更为陡峻,稳定性系数比其他两种方法的结果要小。  相似文献   

Holocene slip rate and paleoearthquake records of the Salt Lake segment of the Northern Zhongtiaoshan Fault,Shanxi Province   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SI SuPei  LI YouLi  Lü ShengHua  WANG YiRan 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(9):2079-2088

The Northern Zhongtiaoshan Fault is a major deep fault at the southern margin of the Yuncheng Basin. There have been few studies on the fault, and the historical earthquakes are few and weak. However, the intensity of activity on the fault should never be underestimated. Through interpretations of aerial images, topography measurements and excavation of trenches, this paper studied the fault distribution, the surface deformation and the activity of the normal fault south of Salt Lake near the city of Yuncheng. By tracing faults in the three trenches, it was found that there had been at least three large paleoseismic events, at 1–3.5, 3.6–4.4 and 7.4–8.8 ka BP. Employing 14 C dating, we determined the same gravel layers in the uplifted side and downthrown side. Making differential Global Positioning System measurements of the vertical difference and topographic profile, we obtained the mean slip rate of the Northern Zhongtiaoshan Fault since 24.7 ka BP(0.75±0.05 mm/a). Using the results of relevant studies, we calculated the possible vertical fault displacement of one earthquake(2.35 m) and obtained the recurrence interval of characteristic earthquakes as 2940–3360 a after dividing the displacement by the mean slip rate.  相似文献   

西非被动大陆边缘重力滑脱构造体系下的塑性构造   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李涛  胡望水  于水  龙小军  何瑶瑶  吴婵  陈川 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2012,(3):69-76

论述了西非被动大陆边缘深水环境下的重力滑脱构造体系中的塑性构造。研究发现塑性地层在整个西非被动大陆边缘都有分布,且盐岩塑性层主要分布在西非被动大陆边缘的西南部和西北部,发育层位为过渡期(J-K)构造层之内;中部尼日尔三角洲等塑性层主要为泥岩塑性层,发育层位为古近系和新近系。根据重力滑脱构造体系发育特征可划分为:以正断裂和塑性焊接构造为主的上部重力滑脱伸展构造、以底辟构造为主的中部重力滑脱底辟构造、以冲断裂、塑性褶皱和塑性冲断构造为主的下部重力滑脱冲断构造。根据塑性构造上覆地层的变形过程,塑性构造演化主要经历了后生变形期和同生变形期。塑性构造变形机制主要受基底掀斜作用和上覆地层的沉积速率控制。塑性构造中的底辟、褶皱、冲断及塑性焊接构造对油气成藏的控制作用依次减弱。  相似文献   

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董明  张成军  吕静  杨建朝 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(3):121-124

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不同数据预处理方法对北斗卫星精密定轨精度的影响     

周巍  郝金明  贾小林 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(6):84-88

提出综合利用高次差法和多项式拟合法对COMPASS MEO卫星进行周跳探测的原理及实现方法,并采用COMPASS监测站实测数据使用不同的数据预处理策略对COMPASS MEO卫星进行精密定轨试验。结果表明,根据实测数据情况,合理选择周跳探测方法和预处理策略,可以改善定轨精度。  相似文献   

滑带土强度特性的试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈晓平  黄井武  尹赛华  郑坚昭 《岩土力学》2011,32(11):3212-3218

滑带土的强度特性对于边坡稳定具有重要的控制作用,揭示滑带土强度指标的变化规律是进行边坡安全性评估的基本前提。针对一库岸古滑坡滑动带中的含粗粒细粒土,进行了滑带土强度特性的试验研究：通过现场大剪试验和室内固结快剪试验分析了滑带土的剪切性状,确定了再生强度、现场折减强度和固结快剪强度;根据现行反复剪切试验在确定含粗粒细粒土残余强度时的不足,对试验方法和试验仪器进行了改进,提出了滑带土的残余强度指标,并与其他剪切条件下的强度指标进行了比较;基于试验结果的统计分析,探讨了土体含水率、塑性指数及粗粒含量对剪切强度指标的影响,并总结了含粗粒细粒土与一般黏性土或砂土在剪切性状方面的诸多不同  相似文献